BEPPE GRILLO: "VADO AL CONGRESSO DEI TERRAPIATTISTI" "[BEPPE GRILLO: "I'LL PARTICIPATE FLAT EARTH CONFERENCE"]. digitale.it (in Italian). 29 April 2019 . Retrieved 22 July 2019.

Saint Basil the Great, Hexaemeron 9 – Homily IX – "The creation of terrestrial animals" Holy Innocents Orthodox Church". Archived from the original on October 30, 2012 . Retrieved February 9, 2013. Those details make the flat-earthers' theory so elaborately absurd it sounds like a joke, but many of its supporters genuinely consider it a more plausible model of astronomy than the one found in textbooks. In short, they aren't kidding. Apollonius Rhodius, in his Argonautica (3rd century BC) included numerous flat Earth references (IV. 590 ff): "Now that river, rising from the ends of the Earth, where are the portals and mansions of Nyx (Night), on one side bursts forth upon the beach of Okeanos."Modern believers in a flat Earth face overwhelming publicly accessible evidence of Earth's sphericity. They also need to explain why governments, media outlets, schools, scientists, surveyors, airlines and other organizations accept that the world is spherical. To satisfy these tensions and maintain their beliefs, they generally embrace some form of conspiracy theory. In addition, believers tend to not trust observations they have not made themselves, and often distrust, disagree with or accuse each other of being in league with conspiracies. [136] Education

Underdown, Jim (November 2018). "The Salton Sea Flat Earth Test: When Skeptics Meet Deniers". CSICOP.org. CFI. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019 . Retrieved 24 February 2019. The ancient Norse and Germanic peoples believed in a flat-Earth cosmography with the Earth surrounded by an ocean, with the axis mundi, a world tree ( Yggdrasil), or pillar ( Irminsul) in the centre. [44] [45] In the world-encircling ocean sat a snake called Jormungandr. [46] The Norse creation account preserved in Gylfaginning (VIII) states that during the creation of the Earth, an impassable sea was placed around it: [47]Needham, Joseph; Wang, Ling. (1995) [1959]. Science and Civilization in China: Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth, vol. 3, reprint edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-05801-5, pp. 227, 499. This poetic tradition of an Earth-encircling ( gaiaokhos) sea ( Oceanus) and a disc also appears in Stasinus of Cyprus, [22] Mimnermus, [23] Aeschylus, [24] and Apollonius Rhodius. [25] D. Pingree: "History of Mathematical Astronomy in India", Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Vol. 15 (1978), pp.533–633 (554ff.), Quote: "In the Purānas, the Earth is a flat-bottomed, circular disk, in the center of which is a lofty mountain, Meru. Surrounding Meru is the circular continent Jambūdvīpa, which is in turn surrounded by a ring of water known as the Salt Ocean. There follow alternating rings of land and sea until there are seven continents and seven oceans. In the southern quarter of Jambūdvīpa lies India–Bhāratavarsa."